National ICT Policy – 2002
[ From chapter-24 of the book "Information Technology in Banking" written by Abul Kashem Md. Shirin and Nusrat Tamanna Prianka and published by Institute of Bankers, Bangladesh (IBB) ]
1. Why
ICT Policy?
Information
& Communication Technology (ICT) is one of the most important tools to
achieve economic prosperity of a country through improving the management and
efficiency in every sphere of life. The experience of the developed and
emerging economies supports the above notion. To effectively harness the power
of ICTs, Bangladesh formulated its first National ICT Policy in 2002. The
National ICT Policy 2002 could not reach the professed levels of success due to
lack of appropriate plans to achieve the goals set in the policy as well as
poor implementation of the underlying actions.
The
policy has 103 policy directives in 16 areas. Among those, 8 were fully or
largely accomplished, 61 were partially accomplished and 34 remained
unaddressed. Lack of ownership and coordination are the two main reasons, while
absence of actors or implementing agencies in the policy document contributed
much to non fulfillment of the desired goals.
2. Objectives
of ICT Policy
The
objectives of the policy are as under:
1. In
order to give a thrust to the ICT sector and expeditious development of
Software industry and its export required infrastructural facilities and legal
framework will be created..
2. Provide
effective incentives for development of ICT sector to both local and foreign
entrepreneurs;
3. Develop
an efficient ICT infrastructure that provides open access to international and
national network;
4. Promote
and facilitate use of ICT in all sectors of the economy for transparency, good
governance and efficiency improvement;
5. Establish
legislative and regulatory framework for ICT issues like IPR, data security and
protection, digital signature, e-Commerce, ICT education etc. as well as to
ensure quality ICT education provided by different private organizations
6. Set
up national databases that are reliable and easily accessible to all the people
of the country;
7. Promote
use of ICT by providing special allocations for ICT project implementation in
the public sector. Train the decision makers in ICT use and promote a ICT
culture;.
8. Develop
a large pool of world class ICT professionals to meet the needs of local and
global markets
9. Set
up a very high quality ICT institution to continuously promote and foster ICT
Industry;
10. Enact
Laws and Regulations for uninterrupted growth of ICT, in conformity with World
Trade Organization (WTO) stipulations.
3. Coverage
of ICT Policy
The
policy incorporates a clear guideline for the Government and other
organizations to perform some activities within a timeline in the following
fields:
1.
Training and
Human Resources Development
2.
ICT
Infrastructure
3.
Research and
Development in ICT
4.
ICT Industry
4.1.
Software Industry
4.2.
Hardware Industry
4.3.
Services Industry
5.
E-Commerce
6.
E-Government/E-Governance
7.
Legal Issues
8.
Health Care
9.
Agriculture and
Poverty Alleviation
10.
Social Welfare
11.
Transportation
12.
Tourism
13.
Environment
14.
Judiciary
15.
Regional and
International Cooperation
The
policy also suggests the way as to how to implement and monitor the suggested
activities, how to obtain funds and resources, and on the required
institutional arrangement for ICT Policy Updating,
Standardizing, Implementing and Monitoring.
4. Selected
Policy Clauses
The
policy clauses related to Banking are produced below:
3.2.26 Solar
power will be encouraged specially in those inaccessible areas where use of ICT
is constrained due to lack of electricity
3.2.27 Use
of VoIP and WLL (Wireless Local Loop) technologies will be reviewed and
realistic measures taken thereafter.
3.4.1.1 To
develop and encourage the local software industry, price preference may be
given to locally developed software in all public and private sector
procurement.
3.4.1.5 Joint
ventures between local and foreign entrepreneurs in the ICT sector will be
vigorously promoted.
3.4.1.6 An
annual target of 3 (three) billion US dollars from earnings of export of
software, data entry and IT-enabled services shall be planned up to year 2006.
The target shall be revised periodically to match the growth of the market.
3.4.2.1 Hardware
industry often requires a huge capital investment and entrepreneurs shall be
encouraged to establish production facilities for components, peripherals and
accessories with joint venture cooperation and technology transfer agreements.
Foreign owned and multinational companies, who will establish such production
facilities in Bangladesh and employ our workforce, shall be offered special
incentives.
3.5
E-Commerce
3.5.1 The Government and the private sector will promote business in
electronic form and create an environment in which it will be well secured.
Government will take initiative to introduce and promote
Government-to-Government (G2G) transaction under the purview of e-commerce.
Gradually this initiative will also be extended from G2G to Government to
Business (G2B) transaction in the same line.
3.5.2 Authentication of the identities of both buyer and seller or the
involved parties in an electronic transaction is crucial to promote inter-bank
transaction, encryption e-commerce. Security of electronic transaction should
be ensured through appropriate measures.
3.5.3 Establish
immediately inter-banking payment system in electronic form.
3.5.4 Legal framework to provide the guiding principles, rules and
legislation for e-Commerce shall be put in place.
3.6.6 Government
will introduce and promote ICT based services like G2G (Government to
Government), G2E (Government to Employee), G2C (Government to Customer) etc.
3.6.7 Preference
shall be given to ICT literate candidates for the purpose of recruitment in
public offices. ICT-literacy shall also be evaluated in the ACR of officials to
ensure utilization of ICT in the public services.
3.7.2 ICT Act should be enacted immediately to protect against computer
crimes such as computer fraud, hacking and damage to programs and data and
introducing/spreading computer viruses.
3.7.3 Data security and interoperability should be ensured through
actions such as setting of encryption standards and international agreements on
interoperability.
3.7.4 With
the increase in the use of Internet and Information Technology in every sphere
of human activities, formulation of new laws or amendment to the existing ones
should be done as deemed necessary, to ensure security of data, freedom of
information.
3.11.3 ICT
will be used for online booking and ticketing services of all public and
private transport companies.
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